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Rare Plants of the Inland Dunes near Sandhausen
Biotop

Sandhausen is situated a few kilometers south of Heidelberg in the Upper Rhine Valley in a region of inland dunes. The inland dunes consist of sand deposited by strong winds at the end of the last ice age, blown on from the gravel banks of river Rhine which then changed its course permanently. In the southern part of Sandhausen you can find nature reserve 'Dune Pferdstrieb' divided into two parts which are separated by the road 'Am Forst'. The photo above shows the high open inland dune, which is surrounded by a fence. The relative steep slope and the flat area in front of it are originated by the former taking of sand. Some of the specific plants of this biotope, as Mountain Alison Alyssum montanum subsp. gmelinii, Seguier's Spurge Euphorbia seguieriana, Sand Campion Silene conica, Spanish Catchfly Silene otites, Sand Bassia Bassia laniflora, Yellow Bartsia Odontites luteus, Russian Thistle Salsola kali subsp. ruthenica, and specialized grasses are not only growing behind the fence. They can be seen directly at the verge of the road 'Am Forst', where they partly have better conditions than behind the fence, because the encrustation of the sand surface caused by mosses and lichens is occasionally broken here by entering. On the other hand, the eutrophication of this verge is promoted by the fact that dogs have free access.
In the southern part of the nature reserve the open dune goes over into pine wood. Here in winter 2020 the open parts were enclosed with martial fences, so that dogs are kept away, but also interested people have no longer the possibility to get a closer look on the plants. Obviously the responsible authorities at Karlsruhe are accepting that the knowledge of the population about rare plants decreases in the long term, so, should such plants still appear somewhere outside of nature reserves, these are then hardly recognized and therefore no longer preserved or reported to nature protection authorities. The superficial encrustation of the free sand areas by moss and lichens, especially the neophytic Heath Star Moss Campylopus introflexus, is no longer broken open by occasional stepping on, as in the fenced part north of the road, too, so that the seeds of the rare plants no longer reach the soil, and the plants will disappear, unless elaborate and expensive maintenance measures are carried out every year.
 
Between the northwestern part of Sandhausen and the highway resting area 'Hardtwald' there is nature reserve 'Pflege Schoenau - Galgenbuckel', which partly contains the same rare plants as nature reserve 'Dune Pferdstrieb'.
 
Alyssum montanum subsp. gmelinii, Mountain Alison, Mountain Madwort
Alyssum montanum subsp. gmelinii / Mountain Alison, Mountain Madwort
Brassicaceae / Crucifers
 
Euphorbia seguieriana, Seguier's Spurge
Euphorbia seguieriana / Seguier's Spurge
Euphorbiaceae / Spurge Fam.
 
Fumana procumbens, Heath Rose
Fumana procumbens / Heath Rose
Cistaceae / Rockrose Fam.
 
Silene otites, Spanish Catchfly
Silene otites / Spanish Catchfly
Caryophyllaceae / Campion Fam.
 
Silene conica, Sand Campion
Silene conica / Sand Campion
Caryophyllaceae / Campion Fam.
 
Cerastium arvense, Field Mouse-Ear
Cerastium arvense / Field Mouse-Ear
Caryophyllaceae / Campion Fam.
 
Gypsophila paniculata, Chalk Plant, Baby's Breath
Gypsophila paniculata / Chalk Plant, Baby's Breath
Caryophyllaceae / Campion Fam.
 
Gypsophila paniculata, Chalk Plant, Baby's Breath
Gypsophila paniculata / Chalk Plant, Baby's Breath
Caryophyllaceae / Campion Fam.
 
Scabiosa canescens, Fragrant Scabious
Scabiosa canescens / Fragrant Scabious
Dipsacaceae / Teasel Fam.
 
Jurinea cyanoides, Sand Jurinea
Jurinea cyanoides / Sand Jurinea
Asteraceae / Composite Fam.
 
Jurinea cyanoides, Sand Jurinea
Jurinea cyanoides / Sand Jurinea
Asteraceae / Composite Fam.
 
Helichrysum arenarium, Yellow Everlasting Daisy
Helichrysum arenarium / Yellow Everlasting Daisy
Asteraceae / Composite Fam.
 
Artemisia repens, Creeping Wormwood
Artemisia repens / Creeping Wormwood
Asteraceae / Composite Fam.
 
Helianthemum nummularium, Common Rock-Rose
Helianthemum nummularium / Common Rock-Rose
Cistaceae / Rockrose Fam.
 
Thymus serpyllum, Breckland Thyme
Thymus serpyllum / Breckland Thyme
Lamiaceae / Mint Fam.
 
Orobanche alba, Thyme Broomrape
Orobanche alba / Thyme Broomrape
Orobanchaceae / Broomrape Fam.
 
Plantago arenaria, Branched Plantain
Plantago arenaria / Branched Plantain
Plantaginaceae / Plantain Fam.
 
Seseli libanotis, Moon Carrot
Seseli libanotis / Moon Carrot
Apiaceae / Umbellifers
 
Allium sphaerocephalon, Round-Headed Leek
Allium sphaerocephalon / Round-Headed Leek
Liliaceae / Lily Fam.
 
Stachys recta, Yellow Woundwort
Stachys recta / Yellow Woundwort
Lamiaceae / Mint Fam.
 
Odontites luteus, Yellow Bartsia
Odontites luteus / Yellow Bartsia
Scrophulariaceae / Figwort Fam.
 
Odontites luteus, Yellow Bartsia
Odontites luteus / Yellow Bartsia
Scrophulariaceae / Figwort Fam.
 
Bassia laniflora, Sand Bassia, Wooly Smotherweed
Bassia laniflora / Sand Bassia, Wooly Smotherweed
Chenopodiaceae / Goosefoot Fam.
 
Corispermum leptopterum, Bugseed
Corispermum leptopterum / Bugseed
Chenopodiaceae / Goosefoot Fam.
 
 
Corispermum marschallii, Marschall Bugseed
Corispermum marschallii / Marschall Bugseed
Chenopodiaceae / Goosefoot Fam.
 
 
Salsola kali subsp. ruthenica, Russian Thistle, Glasswort
Salsola kali subsp. ruthenica / Russian Thistle, Glasswort
Chenopodiaceae / Goosefoot Fam.
 
 

 

 

 

 
The plant lists of the nature reserve mention more rare plants, which I haven't seen myself at Sandhausen. Some of these I can show from other sites:
Crepis tectorum, Narrow-Leaved Hawk's-Beard
Crepis tectorum / Narrow-Leaved Hawk's-Beard
Asteraceae / Composite Fam.
  Hirschberg (Bergstraße)
 
Vicia lutea, Yellow Vetch
Vicia lutea / Yellow Vetch
Fabaceae / Legumes
  Southern France
 
The biotopes of the open sand dunes contain specially adapted grasses, too:
Corynephorus canescens, Grey Hair-Grass
Corynephorus canescens / Grey Hair-Grass
Poaceae / Grass Fam.
 
Bromus tectorum, Drooping Brome
Bromus tectorum / Drooping Brome
Poaceae / Grass Fam.
 
 
Bromus tectorum, Drooping Brome
Bromus tectorum / Drooping Brome
Poaceae / Grass Fam.
  fruiting
Koeleria glauca, Blue Hair Grass
Koeleria glauca / Blue Hair Grass
Poaceae / Grass Fam.
 
 
Koeleria glauca, Blue Hair Grass
Koeleria glauca / Blue Hair Grass
Poaceae / Grass Fam.
 
 
Koeleria glauca, Blue Hair Grass
Koeleria glauca / Blue Hair Grass
Poaceae / Grass Fam.
 
Not only on inland dunes specialized are the following plants which are in flower early in the year:
Draba verna agg., Common Whitlowgrass
Draba verna agg. / Common Whitlowgrass
Brassicaceae / Crucifers
 
 
Cardamine hirsuta, Hairy Bitter-Cress
Cardamine hirsuta / Hairy Bitter-Cress
Brassicaceae / Crucifers
 
 
Cerastium semidecandrum, Little Mouse-Ear
Cerastium semidecandrum / Little Mouse-Ear
Caryophyllaceae / Campion Fam.
 
 
Gagea pratensis, Meadow Gagea
Gagea pratensis / Meadow Gagea
Liliaceae / Lily Fam.
 
 
Saxifraga tridactylites, Rue-Leaved Saxifrage
Saxifraga tridactylites / Rue-Leaved Saxifrage
Saxifragaceae / Saxifrage Fam.
 
 
Senecio vernalis, Eastern Groundsel
Senecio vernalis / Eastern Groundsel
Asteraceae / Composite Fam.
 
 
Lamium purpureum, Red Dead-Nettle
Lamium purpureum / Red Dead-Nettle
Lamiaceae / Mint Fam.
 
 
Veronica praecox, Breckland Speedwell
Veronica praecox / Breckland Speedwell
Scrophulariaceae / Figwort Fam.
 
 
Erodium cicutarium, Common Crane's-Bill, Philary
Erodium cicutarium / Common Crane's-Bill, Philary
Geraniaceae / Crane's-Bill Fam.
 
 
Sedum acre, Biting Stonecrop
Sedum acre / Biting Stonecrop
Crassulaceae / Stonecrop Fam.
 
 
Sedum album, White Stonecrop
Sedum album / White Stonecrop
Crassulaceae / Stonecrop Fam.
 
 
Viola arvensis, Field Pansy
Viola arvensis / Field Pansy
Violaceae / Violet Fam.
 
 

 

 

 
The Heath Star Moss Campylopus introflexus, an invasive neophyte from the southern hemisphere of the earth, forms often so dense stands on inland dunes that the seeds of many flowering plants can no longer reach the soil or seedlings can no longer come up. This causes a drastic impoverishment of the biodiversity of locations covered by the Heath Star Moss which can only be countered by intensive maintenance measures.
Campylopus introflexus, Heath Star Moss
Campylopus introflexus / Heath Star Moss
Musci / Mosses
 
 
Campylopus introflexus, Heath Star Moss
Campylopus introflexus / Heath Star Moss
Musci / Mosses
 
 
Biotop
In the southern part of nature reserve 'Duene Pferdstrieb' the open dune changes to pine wood, in which a neophyte from East Asia, the climbing plant Staff Vine Celastrus orbiculatus, can directly be accessed at a path. It is a relative of Spindle Euonymus europaeus.
 
Pinus sylvestris, Scot's Pine
Pinus sylvestris / Scot's Pine
Pinaceae / Pine Fam.
 
Celastrus orbiculatus, Staff Vine
Celastrus orbiculatus / Staff Vine
Celastraceae / Spindle Fam.
 
Celastrus orbiculatus, Staff Vine
Celastrus orbiculatus / Staff Vine
Celastraceae / Spindle Fam.
 
Parthenocissus inserta, False Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus inserta / False Virginia Creeper
Vitaceae / Grape-Vine Fam.
 
Rubus laciniatus, Cutleaf Blackberry, Evergreen Blackberry
Rubus laciniatus / Cutleaf Blackberry, Evergreen Blackberry
Rosaceae / Rose Fam.
 
Geranium robertianum, Herb Robert
Geranium robertianum / Herb Robert
Geraniaceae / Crane's-Bill Fam.
  (Color variant)
 
Biotop

 
Naturally this list of plants isn't complete. It will be continued on occasion.
 
There are similar biotopes in the inland dunes between Mannheim and Schwetzingen, on which pages with spring flowering plants and summer flowering plants are available. Also on the inland dune biotope Viernheimer Heide a web site is existing here.  
 

 


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6-Apr-21

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